Response:

Eggs contain a notable amount of cholesterol, with an average chicken egg providing about 180-200 mg. However, dietary cholesterol is not the sole factor determining blood cholesterol levels. The human body also synthesizes cholesterol in the liver for essential functions such as hormone creation, cell membrane formation, and vitamin D production.

For most healthy individuals, consuming eggs in moderation, as part of a balanced diet, does not significantly raise cardiovascular risk. However, for those with dyslipidemia, especially elevated low-density lipoprotein (ldl) cholesterol (often called "bad" cholesterol), existing cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or other cardiovascular risk factors, egg consumption requires individual assessment based on health status and overall dietary intake.

Individuals with high blood cholesterol do not need to completely eliminate eggs. Instead, they should control the quantity consumed and prioritize healthy cooking methods such as boiling, steaming, or using them in soups, while limiting fried eggs prepared with excessive oil. Lecithin, present in eggs, helps regulate cholesterol levels, prevents atherosclerosis (associated with hypertension and cardiovascular disease), and aids in the body's cholesterol excretion.

Overall, for individuals with high blood cholesterol, establishing a comprehensive diet rich in green vegetables, fiber, fish, and lean protein, while limiting saturated fats, is crucial. This includes prioritizing: green vegetables and fruits; whole grains; fish; lean protein sources such as lean meat, skinless poultry, tofu, and legumes; healthy fats from olive oil, soybean oil, canola oil, and nuts like almonds and walnuts (consumed in appropriate amounts); and low-fat milk. It is important to limit: animal fats; organ meats (liver, intestines, heart, kidneys) which contain high levels of cholesterol and saturated fats; fatty red meat; poultry skin; processed meats such like sausages, bacon, and ham; deep-fried foods, especially those made with repeatedly used oil; foods high in refined sugar; and alcohol.

If ldl cholesterol levels are elevated or accompanied by cardiovascular disease, patients should seek specific dietary advice from a doctor or nutritionist.

Associate Professor, Doctor Nguyen Trong Hung

National Institute of Nutrition