Probiotics are living microorganisms that, when introduced into the body in appropriate amounts, offer many health benefits. Dr. Hoang Thi Hang, from the Nutrition Unit at Tam Anh Cau Giay General Clinic, notes that many parents arbitrarily supplement probiotics for their children or use them incorrectly, which reduces the product's effectiveness and fails to improve the child's condition.

Mistaking probiotics for digestive enzymes is a frequent error. According to Dr. Hang, probiotics and digestive enzymes are two entirely different preparations. Probiotics contain beneficial bacteria or yeasts that help balance the gut microbiome. In contrast, digestive enzymes are enzymes secreted by the body to break down food into easily absorbable nutrients. Parents must clearly distinguish between these two types to use them for their intended purposes.

The belief that more supplementation is always better for health is another misconception. A child's gut microbiome can naturally balance itself, and regular probiotic supplementation does not automatically boost immunity, improve appetite, or ensure overall health. Parents should give children suitable probiotics when they experience diarrhea, constipation, frequent illness, or when taking antibiotics. The duration of use should always follow a doctor's instructions.

Using probiotics for picky eating or slow weight gain is not always the right approach. Picky eating in children can stem from various causes, including micronutrient deficiencies, improper supplementation, psychological factors, lack of sleep, or digestive disorders. Probiotics are not a universal treatment for all cases. If a child experiences prolonged slow weight gain or eats poorly, parents should seek medical examination to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment.

Mixing probiotics into hot water or milk can significantly reduce their efficacy. Most beneficial bacterial strains in probiotics are sensitive to high temperatures and can be destroyed at levels above 40 degrees Celsius. Therefore, mixing probiotics with hot water or milk can decrease or completely eliminate the activity of these beneficial bacteria. Parents should only mix probiotics with cooled boiled water or milk at room temperature and ensure the child consumes them immediately after preparation.

Dr. Hang advises a parent. Illustration: Thuy Hanh

Taking probiotics simultaneously with antibiotics is also problematic. Antibiotics not only destroy disease-causing bacteria but also affect beneficial gut bacteria. If children take probiotics at the same time as antibiotics, most of the supplemented beneficial bacteria will be immediately destroyed. Parents should give children probiotics at least 2-3 hours apart from antibiotic doses.

Choosing the wrong strain of beneficial bacteria will not address specific issues. Dr. Hang explains that each strain of beneficial bacteria in probiotics has a different mechanism and effect. For example, the Lactobacillus reuteri (DSM 17938) strain helps reduce symptoms of infant colic, while Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LGG) supports the improvement of diarrhea and intestinal infections. Bifidobacterium (such as B.lactis or B.breve) can alleviate constipation symptoms. Using the incorrect probiotic strain will not improve the child's specific condition.

Short-term or intermittent use of probiotics can hinder their effectiveness. Beneficial bacteria need time to adhere, multiply, and re-establish the balance of the gut microbiome. Short-term or intermittent use makes digestive disorders prone to recurrence. In many cases, a probiotic supplementation regimen needs to last for a minimum of 2-3 weeks, as directed by a doctor.

Dr. Hang advises parents to prioritize building a naturally healthy microbiome for children through a balanced diet rich in fiber from vegetables and fruits, ensuring adequate breastfeeding, and limiting antibiotic overuse. If a child experiences digestive problems such as diarrhea or constipation, parents should seek medical attention for their child.

Trinh Mai