Environmental temperature does not directly reduce sperm quality. However, prolonged high testicular temperature can affect spermatogenesis. Unlike other organs within the abdomen, the testicles are located outside the body to maintain a temperature approximately two to four degrees Celsius lower than core body temperature, a condition essential for normal spermatogenic cell function.

Working long hours outdoors in hot weather, in high-temperature environments, or regularly exposed to heat sources without effective thermoregulation can increase testicular temperature. Even a sustained increase of a few degrees Celsius is enough to impact the activity of Sertoli and Leydig cells. These two cell types nourish germ cells, support spermatogenesis, and produce testosterone. Inefficient function of these cells can reduce the number of sperm produced.

Prolonged exposure to high temperatures can reduce sperm quality. AI-generated illustration.

High temperatures also increase oxidative stress, a condition where free radicals are generated faster than the body's antioxidant system can neutralize them. Free radicals can attack sperm cell membranes, mitochondria, and DNA, reducing motility, increasing abnormal morphology, and even damaging genetic material, raising the risk of male infertility.

Many studies indicate that when testicles are consistently exposed to high temperatures, the process of sperm production can be affected, leading to reduced sperm count and motility. However, you do not need to worry excessively about a few hot days. The body always has thermoregulation mechanisms to protect the testicles, and the process of creating a complete sperm takes approximately two to three months. Therefore, effects on sperm quality are typically observed when the testicles are exposed to heat for prolonged or repeated periods.

You should limit heat exposure when possible, drink enough water, wear loose clothing, and take appropriate cooling breaks. Supplementing with natural essences such as: eurycoma longifolia, French maritime pine bark extract, and oyster extract can support increased endogenous testosterone production, help maintain Sertoli cell activity in the testicles, and improve sperm quality.

Master, Doctor Doan Vinh Binh

Medical Information Center

Tam Anh General Hospital Ho Chi Minh City