More than a year ago, Truong developed a rash on his back, initially thinking it was dermatitis or an allergy. Later, his knee joints also became red, swollen, and painful, prompting him to seek medical attention. Doctor Pham Thi Thu Ha, a specialist in endocrinology and diabetes at Tam Anh General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, noted Truong weighed 119 kg, was 1.75 m tall, had a BMI of 38.8, and visceral fat 2.5 times the safe limit. He was diagnosed with severe obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and psoriatic arthritis.

Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease. Beyond causing inflammation, swelling, and pain that can destroy joints and lead to disability, the condition also affects various body systems, including the digestive system, spine, and skin.

Doctor Ha advises Truong on his weight loss regimen. Photo: Tam Anh General Hospital

Doctor Ha prescribed biologic drugs for psoriatic arthritis, combined with weight loss medication and treatments to control blood pressure and diabetes. This comprehensive approach also included dietary adjustments and suitable exercise to prevent disease recurrence. Truong was advised a nutritious diet, limiting red meat, and incorporating foods rich in vitamin A, vitamin C, green leafy vegetables, and fruits to boost his immune system, regulate blood pressure, and stabilize blood sugar.

Initially, Truong independently trained with weights, ran, and worked out at the gym for one to two hours daily. However, he frequently experienced shortness of breath, a rapid heart rate, joint pain, and increased blood pressure, leading him to abandon physical activity. During the first two weeks, the exercise specialist observed that Truong's weight and joint pain decreased insignificantly, while his muscle mass reduced considerably. Consequently, he was guided through simple, moderate-intensity exercises, such as swimming for 30 minutes per session, two to three times a week, interspersed with cycling, walking, and stair climbing. Whenever his heart rate accelerated, he would pause, drink some water, inhale deeply, hold his breath for about two seconds, then slowly exhale to regulate his blood pressure.

Following the doctor's treatment plan, after two months, he lost 11 kg. The frequency of his arthritic pain decreased, and the reddish rash on his back did not spread further, showing signs of fading. He continues treatment, aiming to reach a target weight of 80 kg.

"Psoriasis and obesity have a reciprocal impact on each other", Doctor Ha explained. Excess fat alters cell composition and the activity of inflammatory cells in the skin, affecting autoimmune diseases, triggering psoriasis, and worsening the condition. Weight loss helps alleviate psoriasis symptoms, increases treatment effectiveness for obese individuals, and supports stable blood sugar and blood pressure control.

Individuals with psoriatic arthritis and diabetes should adhere to their doctor's prescribed treatment, maintain an appropriate diet, avoid alcoholic beverages, refrain from smoking, and limit prolonged stress to better manage their conditions.

Duc Hanh

*Patient's name has been changed